Package 'startup' reference manual

Title:	Friendly R Startup Configuration
Description:	Adds support for R startup configuration via '.Renviron.d' and '.Rprofile.d' directories in addition to '.Renviron' and '.Rprofile' files. This makes it possible to keep private / secret environment variables separate from other environment variables. It also makes it easier to share specific startup settings by simply copying a file to a directory.
Authors:	Henrik Bengtsson [aut, cre, cph]
Maintainer:	Henrik Bengtsson <[email protected]>
License:	LGPL (>= 2.1)
Version:	0.22.0
Built:	2024-09-02 05:54:42 UTC
Source:	https://github.com/HenrikBengtsson/startup

Check for and fix common mistakes in .Rprofile

Description

Check for and fix common mistakes in ‘.Rprofile’ files.

Usage

check(all = FALSE, fix = TRUE, backup = TRUE, debug = FALSE)
check(all = FALSE, fix = TRUE, backup = TRUE, debug = FALSE)

Arguments

`all`	Should all or only the first entry on the R startup search path be checked?
`fix`	If `TRUE`, detected issues will be tried to be automatically fixed, otherwise not.
`backup`	If `TRUE`, a timestamped backup copy of the original file is created before modifying it, otherwise not.
`debug`	If `TRUE`, debug messages are outputted, otherwise not.

Value

Returns invisibly a character vector of files that were "fixed" (modified), if any. If no files needed to be fixed, or fix = TRUE, then an empty vector is returned.

References

R-devel thread 'Last line in .Rprofile must have newline (PR#4056)', 2003-09-03, https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-devel/2003-September/027457.html

Gets the pathname of the currently running startup script

Description

Gets the pathname of the currently running startup script

Usage

current_script()
current_script()

Value

A character string

Install and uninstall support for .Renviron.d and .Rprofile.d startup directories

Description

Install and uninstall support for ‘.Renviron.d’ and ‘.Rprofile.d’ startup directories by appending / removing one line of code to the ‘~/.Rprofile’ file.

Usage

install(
  file = rprofile_user(),
  backup = TRUE,
  overwrite = FALSE,
  path = dirname(file),
  make_dirs = TRUE,
  quiet = FALSE
)

uninstall(file = rprofile_user(), backup = TRUE, quiet = FALSE)
install(
  file = rprofile_user(),
  backup = TRUE,
  overwrite = FALSE,
  path = dirname(file),
  make_dirs = TRUE,
  quiet = FALSE
)

uninstall(file = rprofile_user(), backup = TRUE, quiet = FALSE)

Arguments

`file`	The pathname where to create or update the ‘.Rprofile’ file.
`backup`	If `TRUE`, a timestamped backup copy of the original file is created before modifying / overwriting it, otherwise not. If the backup fails, then an error is produced and the R startup file is unmodified.
`overwrite`	If the R startup file already exist, then `FALSE` (default) appends the startup code to the end of the file. is overwritten. If `TRUE`, any pre-existing R startup file is overwritten.
`path`	The folder where to create ‘.Renviron.d’ and ‘.Rprofile.d’ directory.
`make_dirs`	If `TRUE` (default), directories ‘.Renviron.d/’ and ‘.Rprofile.d/’ are created in folder `path`, if missing.
`quiet`	If `FALSE` (default), detailed messages are generated, otherwise not.

Value

The pathname of the R startup file modified.

Functions

install(): injects a tryCatch(startup::startup(), ...) call to the ‘.Rprofile’ file, which is created if missing.
uninstall(): Remove calls to startup::startup() and similar.

Check if running R via Emacs Speaks Statistics (ESS)

Description

Check if running R via Emacs Speaks Statistics (ESS)

Usage

is_ess()
is_ess()

Value

A logical

Checks if running R via Jupyter

Description

Checks if running R via Jupyter

Usage

is_jupyter()
is_jupyter()

Value

A logical

Check if running R via Microsoft R Open

Description

Check if running R via Microsoft R Open

Usage

is_microsoftr()
is_microsoftr()

Value

A logical

Check if running a Pretty Quick Version of R (pqR)

Description

Check if running a Pretty Quick Version of R (pqR)

Usage

is_pqr()
is_pqr()

Value

A logical

References

pqR - a pretty quick version of R, http://www.pqr-project.org/
GitHub repository for 'pqR' https://github.com/radfordneal/pqR

Check if running R via radian (formerly known as rtichoke and rice)

Description

Check if running R via radian (formerly known as rtichoke and rice)

Usage

is_radian()
is_radian()

Value

A logical

References

radian - A 21 century R console (previously known as rtichoke and rice), https://github.com/randy3k/radian

Checks if running R in RStudio Console or RStudio Terminal

Description

Checks if running R in RStudio Console or RStudio Terminal

Usage

is_rstudio_console()
is_rstudio_console()

Value

A logical

References

Kevin Ushey (RStudio), Check if R is running in RStudio, Stackoverflow, 2016-09-23, https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12389158/check-if-r-is-running-in-rstudio#comment66636507_35849779
Jonathan McPherson (RStudio), Programmatically detect RStudio Terminal vs RStudio Console?, RStudio Community - RStudio IDE, 2018-01-10, https://forum.posit.co/t/programmatically-detect-rstudio-terminal-vs-rstudio-console/4107

Checks if running R via Visual Studio Code (VSCode)

Description

Checks if running R via Visual Studio Code (VSCode)

Usage

is_vscode()
is_vscode()

Value

A logical

Checks if running R via webR

Description

Checks if running R via webR

Usage

is_webr()
is_webr()

Value

A logical

References

WebR - R in the Browser, https://docs.r-wasm.org/webr/latest/

Check if running R on Windows using Wine

Description

Check if running R on Windows using Wine

Usage

is_wine()
is_wine()

Value

A logical

References

Wine Developer FAQ, How can I detect Wine?, https://wiki.winehq.org/Developer_FAQ#How_can_I_detect_Wine.3F
Jeff Zaroyko, Detecting Wine, Wine Devel mailing list, 2008-09-29, https://www.winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2008-September/069387.html

Register functions to be evaluated at the beginning or end of the R session

Description

Usage

on_session_enter(fcn = NULL, append = TRUE, replace = FALSE)

on_session_exit(fcn = NULL, append = TRUE, replace = FALSE)
on_session_enter(fcn = NULL, append = TRUE, replace = FALSE)

on_session_exit(fcn = NULL, append = TRUE, replace = FALSE)

Arguments

`fcn`	A function or an R expression. The function must accept zero or more arguments (currently not used). If an expression, it will automatically we wrapped up in an anonymous function.
`append`	If TRUE (default), the function will be evaluated after previously registered ones, otherwise prepended.
`replace`	if TRUE, the function replaces any previously registered ones, otherwise it will be added (default).

Details

These functions register one or more functions to be called when the current R session begins or ends. The functions are evaluated in a local environment and without exception handlers, which means that if one produces an error, then none of the succeeding functions will be called.

To list currently registered functions, use fcns <- on_session_enter() or fcns <- on_session_exit(). To remove all registered functions, use on_session_enter(replace = TRUE) or on_session_exit(replace = TRUE).

The on_session_enter() function works by recording all fcn:s in an internal list which will be evaluated via a custom .First() function created in the global environment. Any other .First() function on the search path, including a pre-existing .First() function in the global environment, is called at the end after registered functions have been called.

The on_session_exit() function works by recording all fcn:s in an internal list which will be evaluated via a custom function that is called when the global environment is garbage collected, which happens at the very end of the R shutdown process. Contrary to a .Last() function, which is not be called if quit(runLast = FALSE) is used, functions registered via on_session_exit() are always processed. Registered on_session_exit() functions are called after quit() saves any workspace image to file (./.RData), and after any .Last() has been called.

Value

(invisible) the list of registered functions.

Examples

## Not run: 
## Summarize interactive session upon termination
if (interactive()) {
  startup::on_session_exit(local({
    t0 <- Sys.time()
    function(...) {
      dt <- difftime(Sys.time(), t0, units = "auto")
      msg <- c(
        "Session summary:",
        sprintf(" * R version: %s", getRversion()),
        sprintf(" * Process ID: %d", Sys.getpid()),
        sprintf(" * Wall time: %.2f %s", dt, attr(dt, "units"))
      )
      msg <- paste(msg, collapse = "\n")
      message(msg)
    }
  }))
}

## End(Not run)

## Not run: 
## Summarize interactive session upon termination
if (interactive()) {
  startup::on_session_exit(local({
    t0 <- Sys.time()
    function(...) {
      dt <- difftime(Sys.time(), t0, units = "auto")
      msg <- c(
        "Session summary:",
        sprintf(" * R version: %s", getRversion()),
        sprintf(" * Process ID: %d", Sys.getpid()),
        sprintf(" * Wall time: %.2f %s", dt, attr(dt, "units"))
      )
      msg <- paste(msg, collapse = "\n")
      message(msg)
    }
  }))
}

## End(Not run)

Load .Renviron.d and .Rprofile.d directories during the R startup process

Description

Initiates R using all files under ‘.Renviron.d/’ and / or ‘.Rprofile.d/’ directories (or in subdirectories thereof).

Usage

renviron_d(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  unload = FALSE,
  skip = NA,
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = NA,
  paths = NULL
)

rprofile_d(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  check = NA,
  unload = FALSE,
  skip = NA,
  on_error = c("error", "warning", "immediate.warning", "message", "ignore"),
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = NA,
  paths = NULL
)

startup(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  on_error = c("error", "warning", "immediate.warning", "message", "ignore"),
  keep = c("options"),
  check = NA,
  unload = TRUE,
  skip = NA,
  encoding = getOption("encoding"),
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = dryrun
)
renviron_d(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  unload = FALSE,
  skip = NA,
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = NA,
  paths = NULL
)

rprofile_d(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  check = NA,
  unload = FALSE,
  skip = NA,
  on_error = c("error", "warning", "immediate.warning", "message", "ignore"),
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = NA,
  paths = NULL
)

startup(
  sibling = FALSE,
  all = FALSE,
  on_error = c("error", "warning", "immediate.warning", "message", "ignore"),
  keep = c("options"),
  check = NA,
  unload = TRUE,
  skip = NA,
  encoding = getOption("encoding"),
  dryrun = NA,
  debug = dryrun
)

Arguments

`sibling`	If `TRUE`, then only ‘.Renviron.d/’ and ‘.Rprofile.d/’ directories with a sibling ‘.Renviron’ and ‘.Rprofile’ in the same location will be considered.
`all`	If `TRUE`, then all ‘.Renviron.d/’ and ‘.Rprofile.d/’ directories found on the R startup search path are processed, otherwise only the first ones found.
`unload`	If `TRUE`, then the package is unloaded afterward, otherwise not.
`skip`	If `TRUE`, startup directories will be skipped. If `NA`, they will be skipped if command-line options `--vanilla`, `--no-init-file`, and / or `--no-environ` were specified.
`dryrun`	If `TRUE`, everything is done except the processing of the startup files.
`debug`	If `TRUE`, debug messages are outputted, otherwise not.
`paths`	(internal) character vector of directories.
`check`	If `TRUE`, then the content of startup files are validated.
`on_error`	Action taken when an error is detected when sourcing an Rprofile file. It is not possible to detect error in Renviron files; they are always ignored with a message that cannot be captured.
`keep`	Specify what information should remain after this function complete. The default is to keep `⁠startup.session.*⁠` options as recorded by `startup_session_options()`.
`encoding`	The encodingto use when parsing the R startup files. See `base::parse()` for more details.

Details

The above is done in addition the ‘.Renviron’ and ‘.Rprofile’ files that are supported by the built-in startup process of R.

Functions

renviron_d(): Initiate using ‘.Renviron.d/’ files
rprofile_d(): Initiate using ‘.Rprofile.d/’ files
startup(): renviron_d() followed by rprofile_d() and then the package is unloaded

User-specific installation

In order for ‘.Rprofile.d’ and ‘.Renviron.d’ directories to be included during the R startup process, a user needs to add startup::startup() to ‘~/.Rprofile’. Adding this can also be done by calling install() once.

Site-wide installation

An alternative to having each user add startup::startup() in their own ‘~/.Rprofile’ file, is to add it to the site-wide ‘Rprofile.site’ file (see ?Startup). The advantage of such a site-wide installation, is that the users do not have to have a ‘.Rprofile’ file for ‘.Rprofile.d’ and ‘.Renviron.d’ directories to work. For this to work for all users automatically, the startup package should also be installed in the site-wide library.

Examples

## Not run: 
# The most common way to use the package is to add
# the following call to the ~/.Rprofile file.
startup::startup()

# To process ~/.Renviron.d/ files, and then any ./.Renviron.d/ files,
# followed by  ~/.Rprofile.d/ files, and then any ./.Rprofile.d/ files,
# add the following call to the ~/.Rprofile file.
startup::startup(all = TRUE)

# For finer control of on exactly what files are used
# functions renviron_d() and rprofile_d() are also available:

# Initiate first .Renviron.d/ found on search path
startup::renviron_d()

# Initiate all .Rprofile.d/ directories found on the startup search path
startup::rprofile_d(all = TRUE)

## End(Not run)

## Not run: 
# The most common way to use the package is to add
# the following call to the ~/.Rprofile file.
startup::startup()

# To process ~/.Renviron.d/ files, and then any ./.Renviron.d/ files,
# followed by  ~/.Rprofile.d/ files, and then any ./.Rprofile.d/ files,
# add the following call to the ~/.Rprofile file.
startup::startup(all = TRUE)

# For finer control of on exactly what files are used
# functions renviron_d() and rprofile_d() are also available:

# Initiate first .Renviron.d/ found on search path
startup::renviron_d()

# Initiate all .Rprofile.d/ directories found on the startup search path
startup::rprofile_d(all = TRUE)

## End(Not run)

Reset all or parts of the "when" cache

Description

Reset all or parts of the "when" cache

Usage

reset_when_cache(
  when = c("once", "hourly", "daily", "weekly", "fortnightly", "monthly")
)
reset_when_cache(
  when = c("once", "hourly", "daily", "weekly", "fortnightly", "monthly")
)

Arguments

when

(character vector) Specifies for which "when" frequencies the cache should be reset. The default is to reset all of them.

Value

(invisible) The pathnames of the "when" cache files removed.

Restarts R

Description

Restarts R by quitting the current R session and launching a new one.

Usage

restart(
  status = 0L,
  workdir = NULL,
  rcmd = NULL,
  args = NULL,
  envvars = NULL,
  as = c("current", "specified", "R CMD build", "R CMD check", "R CMD INSTALL"),
  quiet = FALSE,
  debug = NA
)
restart(
  status = 0L,
  workdir = NULL,
  rcmd = NULL,
  args = NULL,
  envvars = NULL,
  as = c("current", "specified", "R CMD build", "R CMD check", "R CMD INSTALL"),
  quiet = FALSE,
  debug = NA
)

Arguments

`status`	An integer specifying the exit code of the current R session.
`workdir`	The working directory where the new R session should be launched from. If `NULL`, then the working directory that was in place when the startup package was first loaded. If using `startup::startup()` in an ‘.Rprofile’ startup file, then this is likely to record the directory from which R itself was launched from.
`rcmd`	A character string specifying the command for launching R. The default is the same as used to launch the current R session, i.e. `commandArgs()[1]`.
`args`	A character vector specifying zero or more command-line arguments to be appended to the system call of `rcmd`.
`envvars`	A named character vector of environment variables to be set when calling R.
`as`	A character string specifying a predefined setups of `rcmd`, `args`, and `envvars`. For details, see below.
`quiet`	Should the restart be quiet or not? If `NA` and `as == "current"`, then `quiet` is `TRUE` if the current R session was started quietly, otherwise `FALSE`.
`debug`	If `TRUE`, debug messages are outputted, otherwise not.

Predefined setups

Argument as may take the following values:

"current":: (Default) A setup that emulates the setup of the current R session as far as possible by relaunching R with the same command-line call (= base::commandArgs()).
"specified":: According to rcmd, args, and envvars.
"R CMD build":: A setup that emulates ⁠R CMD build⁠ as far as possible.
"R CMD check":: A setup that emulates ⁠R CMD check⁠ as far as possible, which happens to be identical to the "R CMD build" setup.
"R CMD INSTALL":: A setup that emulates ⁠R CMD INSTALL⁠ as far as possible.

If specified, command-line arguments in args and environment variables in envvars are appended accordingly.

Known limitations

It is not possible to restart an R session running in RGui on Microsoft Windows using this function.

It is not possible to restart an R session in the RStudio Console using this function. However, it does work when running R in the RStudio Terminal.

RStudio provides rstudioapi::restartSession() which will indeed restart the RStudio Console. However, it does not let you control how R is restarted, e.g. with what command-line options and what environment variables. Importantly, the new R session will have the same set of packages loaded as before, the same variables in the global environment, and so on.

Examples

## Not run: 
  ## Relaunch R with debugging of startup::startup() enabled
  startup::restart(envvars = c(R_STARTUP_DEBUG = TRUE))

  ## Relaunch R without loading user Rprofile files
  startup::restart(args = "--no-init-file")

  ## Mimic 'R CMD build' and 'R CMD check'
  startup::restart(as = "R CMD build")
  startup::restart(as = "R CMD check")
  ## ... which are both short for
  startup::restart(args = c("--no-restore"),
                   envvars = c(R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES="", LC_COLLATE="C"))

## End(Not run)

## Not run: 
  ## Relaunch R with debugging of startup::startup() enabled
  startup::restart(envvars = c(R_STARTUP_DEBUG = TRUE))

  ## Relaunch R without loading user Rprofile files
  startup::restart(args = "--no-init-file")

  ## Mimic 'R CMD build' and 'R CMD check'
  startup::restart(as = "R CMD build")
  startup::restart(as = "R CMD check")
  ## ... which are both short for
  startup::restart(args = c("--no-restore"),
                   envvars = c(R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES="", LC_COLLATE="C"))

## End(Not run)

Record R session information as options

Description

Record R session information as options

Usage

startup_session_options(action = c("update", "overwrite", "erase"))
startup_session_options(action = c("update", "overwrite", "erase"))

Arguments

action

If "update" or "overwrite", R options "startup.session.*" are set. If "update", then such options that are not already set are updated. If "erase", any existing "startup.session.*" options are removed.

Value

Returns invisibly a named list of the options prefixed "startup.session.":

startup.session.startdir: (character) the working directory when the startup was first loaded. If startup::startup() is called at the very beginning of the ‘.Rprofile’ file, this is also the directory that the current R session was launched from.
startup.session.starttime: (POSIXct) the time when the startup was first loaded.
startup.session.id: (character) a unique ID for the current R session.
startup.session.dumpto: (character) a session-specific name that can be used for argument dumpto of dump.frames() (also for dumping to file).

Examples

opts <- startup::startup_session_options()
opts

opts <- startup::startup_session_options()
opts

Options and environment variables used by the 'startup' package

Description

Below are environment variables and R options that are used by the startup package. The R_STARTUP_*** environment variables must be set before calling the startup::startup() function, that is, either (i) prior to launching R or (ii) in the ‘.Renviron’ file.

Controls whether startup is used or not

R_STARTUP_DISABLE / startup.disable:: (logical) If TRUE, startup::startup() is fully disable such that no ‘.Renviron.d/’ or ‘.Rprofile.d/’ files are processed. Note: Files ‘.Renviron’ and ‘.Rprofile’ are still processed because these are out of control of the startup package. (Default: FALSE)
R_STARTUP_DRYRUN / startup.dryrun:: (logical) Controls the default value of argument dryrun of startup(). (Default: FALSE)

Additional customization of the startup process

R_STARTUP_FILE / startup.file:: (R script as a character string) Optional R script that is parsed and evaluated after ‘.Renviron.d/’ and ‘.Rprofile.d/’ files, and R_STARTUP_INIT code, have been processed, e.g. ⁠R_STARTUP_FILE="setup.R" R --quiet⁠. (Default: not specified)
R_STARTUP_INIT / startup.init:: (R code as a character string) Optional R code that is parsed and evaluated after ‘.Renviron.d/’ and ‘.Rprofile.d/’ files, but before R_STARTUP_FILE code, have been processed e.g. ⁠R_STARTUP_INIT="message('Hello world')" R --quiet⁠. The specified string must be parsable by base::parse(). (Default: not specified)
R_STARTUP_RDATA / startup.rdata:: (comma-separated values) Controls whether an existing ‘./.RData’ file should be processed or not. If "remove", it will be skipped by automatically removing it. If "rename", it will be renamed to ‘./.RData.YYYYMMDD_hhmmss’ where the timestamp is the last time the file was modified. If "prompt", the user is prompted whether they want to load the file or rename it. In non-interactive session, "prompt" will fallback to loading the content (default). To fallback to renaming the file, use "prompt,rename". Note that in contrast to R and ⁠R CMD BATCH file.R⁠, Rscript does not load ‘.RData’ files unless command-line option --restore is specified. (Default: not specified)

Controls what validation checks are performed at startup

R_STARTUP_CHECK / startup.check:: (logical) Controls the default value of argument check of startup(). (Default: TRUE)
R_STARTUP_CHECK_OPTIONS_IGNORE / startup.check.options.ignore:: (character vector or comma-separated character string) Names of R options that should not be validated at the end of the startup() process. (Default: "error")

Settings useful for debugging and prototyping

R_STARTUP_DEBUG / startup.debug:: (logical) Controls the default value of argument debug of startup(). (Default: FALSE)
startup.commandArgs:: (character vector) Overrides the command-line arguments that startup() uses, which can be useful to prototype and test alternative ways that R might be launched. (Default: base::commandArgs())
R_STARTUP_TIME / startup.time:: (POSIX timestamp; character string) Overrides the current timestamp, which can be useful to prototype and test functionalities that depend on the current time, e.g. inclusion and exclusion of files based on ⁠when=<periodicity>⁠ tags. The specified string must be parsable by base::as.POSIXct(). (Default: not specified)

Information on the current R session

Description

Information on the current R session

Usage

sysinfo()
sysinfo()

Value

A named list.

Examples

startup::sysinfo()

startup::sysinfo()

Produce a warning

Description

Produce a warning

Usage

warn(..., call. = FALSE, immediate. = TRUE, domain = NULL)
warn(..., call. = FALSE, immediate. = TRUE, domain = NULL)

Arguments

`...`, `domain`	The message and optionally the domain used for translation. The ... arguments are passed to base::sprintf to create the message string.
`call.`	If base::TRUE, the call is included in the warning message, otherwise not.
`immediate.`	If base::TRUE, the warning is outputted immediately, otherwise not.

Package 'startup'

Help Index

Check for and fix common mistakes in .Rprofile

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

References

Gets the pathname of the currently running startup script

Description

Usage

Value

Install and uninstall support for .Renviron.d and .Rprofile.d startup directories

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Functions

Check if running R via Emacs Speaks Statistics (ESS)

Description

Usage

Value

Checks if running R via Jupyter

Description

Usage

Value

Check if running R via Microsoft R Open

Description

Usage

Value

Check if running a Pretty Quick Version of R (pqR)

Description

Usage

Value

References

Check if running R via radian (formerly known as rtichoke and rice)

Description

Usage

Value

References

Checks if running R in RStudio Console or RStudio Terminal

Description

Usage

Value

References

Checks if running R via Visual Studio Code (VSCode)

Description

Usage

Value

Checks if running R via webR

Description

Usage

Value

References

Check if running R on Windows using Wine

Description

Usage

Value

References

Register functions to be evaluated at the beginning or end of the R session

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Examples

Load .Renviron.d and .Rprofile.d directories during the R startup process

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Functions

User-specific installation

Site-wide installation

Examples

Reset all or parts of the "when" cache

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value